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Should you get a master's in social work or a master's in counseling?

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A master's in counseling program can prepare you for a career in mental health, substance use, or school counseling. This degree is required to practice independently, diagnose and treat mental health conditions, or become a licensed professional counselor (LPC).

Social work degree vs. counseling degree

The most notable difference between a master's in social work (MSW) vs. a master's in counseling is a typical graduate's career outcome. Earning an MSW can prepare you for a career in clinical social work, social work leadership, and other advanced social work roles. Earning a master's in counseling can prepare you for a career in various counseling specialties.

Social worker and counselor duties occasionally overlap. Social workers can offer counseling but are uniquely qualified to perform other duties such as home visits, casework, and public policy advocacy.

Admissions requirements

Both MSW and master's in counseling admissions requirements typically include:

  • A bachelor's degree from an accredited university
  • A statement of purpose
  • A résumé
  • Transcripts
  • Letters of recommendation

MSW admissions requirements are more likely to include a demonstrated interest in social justice. Some MSW programs also offer accelerated or advanced standing tracks that require a bachelor's degree in social work.

Cost

MSW and master's in counseling program costs vary widely. edX MSW programs typically cost between $30,000–$99,000, and master's in counseling programs cost between $90,000–$136,000.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), demand for both social worker and counselor jobs is projected to increase from 2033–33. Mental health and substance use counselors are expected to see a 19% increase in jobs during that time, while social worker roles are expected to grow 7%. This — and the prevalence of accelerated MSW programs — may explain the higher price range of master's in counseling programs.

Curriculum

MSW curriculum

MSW curricula depend on the school and program you choose. Programs typically offer several tracks, including full-time, part-time, and accelerated options. MSW programs can normally be completed within two years.

High-quality MSW programs are accredited by the Council on Social Work Education, which requires programs to cover nine social work competencies. In such programs, you will learn social work's theoretical and ethical foundations. You may also choose electives relevant to your specialization.

MSW programs require you to complete a hands-on practicum or internship in your community.

Master's in counseling curriculum

Master's in counseling curricula vary by school, program, and specialty track. Earning a master's in counseling allows you to focus on a specialization like school counseling, mental health counseling, or marriage and family therapy.

Master's in counseling programs consist of foundational courses that cover the philosophical and theoretical roots of counseling, plus specialized electives. Most programs take between 18 and 36 months to complete.

Like MSW programs, master's in counseling programs require you to complete practicum hours in your community.

Program outcomes

Graduates of master's in counseling programs usually pursue various counselor careers, including licensed professional counselors, school counselors, and marriage and family therapists.

Licensure requirements vary by state, but most professional counseling licenses cannot be obtained without a master's degree in counseling. Counselors usually work in office environments but may also work in schools, hospitals, and community centers.

MSW graduates often become master's-level social workers or clinical social workers. Social work licensure requirements also vary by state. However, a master's in social work is required to become a clinical or master's-level social worker. Social workers may work in government agencies, private offices, hospitals, community centers, and relief organizations.

Salary and career outlook

Both mental health counselor and social worker jobs are projected to grow between 2023–33, which indicates a positive outlook for both careers. While the median annual salary for social workers is slightly higher than that of mental health and substance use counselors, your salary depends on many factors, including your location and specialty.

Mental health and substance use counselors

Mental health and substance use counselors address mental health conditions and substance use among individuals, couples, and families. This profession requires a master's degree in counseling and an LPC or equivalent license. Check with your state for exact licensure requirements.

  • Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) median annual salary (2023): $53,710
  • BLS projected annual job openings (2023–33): 48,900

Social workers

Social workers assist individuals, groups, and families with mental health crises, hunger, poverty, homelessness, and other pervasive social issues. To become a clinical social worker, you need an MSW and a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) license. Other types of social workers require different licenses, so check with your state for exact requirements.

  • BLS median annual salary (2023): $58,380
  • BLS projected annual job openings (2023–33): 67,300

Social work vs counseling: which master's program is right for me?

An MSW vs. a master's in counseling: Which should you choose? Your best fit depends on your career goals and interests.

An MSW may be right for you if you want to help marginalized populations cope with complex social problems. A master's in counseling may be worth it if you'd rather counsel people on their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.

Both programs can help you earn professional licensure, advance your career, and increase your earning potential.

Frequently asked questions about MSW vs master's in counseling

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