• How control structures can affect how other lines of code run.
• Conditionals, including if, else-if, and else, for complex reasoning.
• Loops, including for loops, for-each loops, and while loops for repeated behaviors.
• Functions, for encapsulating code into reusable chunks.
• Error handling, for anticipating and resolving expected errors.

Chapter 1: Control Structures. The basic role of control structures in general: lines of code that control other lines of code, determining when they execute.

Chapter 2: Conditionals. Building complex reasoning into our code by letting it make decisions based on the changing values of variables, like recommending a raincoat if it's going to rain or issuing a passing grade if a student's average is over 70.

Chapter 3. Loops. Building even more complex reasoning with for loops and while loops, both of which repeat certain lines of code over and over for every value in a list or while some condition is true.

Chapter 4. Functions. Encapsulating blocks of code into reusable functions that can be called as needed, including specifying their input and dictating their output.

Chapter 5. Error Handling. Reacting gracefully when anticipated or unanticipated errors occur during your program's execution.